Issue link: https://te.mouser.com/i/1472768
4 AEROSPACE / WHITE PAPER CONNECTING THE FUTURE OF FLIGHT Single-Pair Ethernet for Mbps Speed and Low Swap VALUE Ethernet is more than a protocol that connects homes and businesses to the Internet. Aviation applications can also use it for passenger connectivity, lighting control, cabin interior, and more. Additionally, Ethernet is the basis for the predominant commercial-aviation data network standard—the Avionics Full-Duplex Switched Ethernet (AFDX) implementation of the ARINC 664 part 7 standard. AFDX is a deterministic version of Ethernet that can deliver data packets to their destination at the required time— a necessity for flight-critical avionics systems. Deterministic data delivery is not needed for connecting passenger electronics and other non-critical applications. Accordingly, the Cabin Systems Subcommittee (CSS) SAE Industry Technologies Consortia developed a non-deterministic version of Ethernet known as the ARINC 854 Cabin Equipment Network— sometimes classified under the umbrella terms "single-pair Ethernet" (SPE) and "Aviation Ethernet." The ARINC 854 standard for SPE defines 100 Mbps data rates over two-way (full- duplex) links using lightweight twisted-wire pair cable in lengths up to 15 m (49 ft). The ARINC 854 standard references a protocol developed in the automotive industry—the 100BASE-T1 standard known as "Automotive Ethernet." The 100BASE-T1 standard is among several SPE standards positioned as a platform for the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). It will also enable "Industry 4.0" connectivity with developments aiming to deliver data and remote power (Power-over-DataLine) over a two-wire cable simultaneously, which would be useful for avionics applications. PERFORMANCE For UAM avionics, ARINC 854-compliant SPE offers many advantages: Bandwidth and Data Rates It will be qualified for 200 MHz and 100 Mbps operation over 15 m (49 ft) link lengths in accordance with ARINC 854 adoption of 100BASE-T1 specifications. Anticipating further developments as future market needs emerge, TE's product roadmap envisions eventual support for 1 Gbps and 10 Gbps data speeds. The roadmap also envisions link lengths up to 40 m (131 ft), frequencies over 750MHz, and new connector designs to accommodate higher frequencies and speeds—anticipating 1000BASE-T1 capabilities will eventually be adopted. Signal Integrity ARINC 854-conforming links have passed 100 Mbs testing over a total of six connections and passes. Impedance, propagation delay, insertion loss (IL), and return loss (RL) all comport with 100BASE-T1 requirements. 3. Network Solutions EXPLORE THE PAPER: CHALLENGES ARCHITECTURE SENSORS IMPLEMENTATION OPPORTUNITIES NETWORK